زمان حال کامل

با عرض سلام خدمت دانش آموزان عزیز و ارجمند. امروز می خواهم در مورد زمان حال کامل یا ماضی نقلی کمی صحبت کنم زیرا هنگام تمرین و پرسیدن جملات مربوط به این زمان دانش آموزان احساس می کنند که به طور صحیح آن را یاد نگرفته اند زیرا بیشتر جمله هایی که آنها می سازند مربوط به زمان حال ساده یا گذشته ساده است و به نظر می رسد که فهم این زمان برای آنها قدری مشکل است ولی باید به عرض شما برسانم که با کمی توجه و تمرین می توان ان را یاد گرفت پس به مبحث زیر توجه فرمایید امیدوارم مورد توجه شما عزیزان قرار گیرد.

 

تعریف: زمان حال کامل به زمانی اطلاق می شود که در زمان گذشته شروع شده و تا زمانی که ما در مورد آن صحبت می کنیو اثر و نتیجه ان باقی مانده است. و ساختار به شکل زیر است:

subject  +  have / has + past participle (p.p)

 

فاعل     +      have / has    +    اسم مفعول                                                                           

 

البته این زمان علائمی دارد که از علائم آن کلمه for است که قبل از قید زمان است و نشان دهنده طول مدت زمان است به مثال های زیر توجه کنید.

 

I have known him for three years.      من دو سال است که او را می شناسم.                                 

You have lived in Ahvaz for three years. شما به مدت 3 سال در اهواز زندگی کرده اید.                 

She has eaten her breakfast for 15 minutes. او صبحانه اش را به مدت 15 دقیقه صرف کرده است.

 

  علامت دیگر این زمان کلمهsince است که مثال ها و ادامه مبحث در روز دیگری به عرض شما دوستان عزیز خواهد رسید.

ضمن عرض سلام به دانش آموزان عزیز و ارجمند نمونه سوال زیر مربوط به دوره پیش دانشگاهی دو می باشد. جهت استفاده صحیح از این نمونه سوال بهتر است که ابتدا درس را به طور صحیح و عمیق مطالعه نمایید بعد اقدام به حل آنها کنید. امیدوارم مورد توجه شما قرار گیرد.  

A : Fill in the blanks with the words given . ( One word is extra ) ( 3 points

( exploration – charity – attach – poverty – performance – devoted – voluntary )

1.  lot of ……….. helpers came to save people after the terrible earthquake .

2. Edison’s serious hearing problem was the reason for his poor ………. at school .

3. Child labor is both a result and a cause of …………. .

4. The modern age of space …………… began in the late 20th century .

5. Mother Teresa ……… herself to working among the poor in the slums of Calcutta .

6. Some schools in Iran are built by …………. Organizations .

 

B . Match the definitions in column A with the words in column B . ( 3 points )

               A                                                          B

7. A building for nuns                                                   a) tin

8. Information stored in a computer                              b) data

9. Relating to the countryside                                        c) rural

10. Done not by force                                                    d) voluntary

11. A kind of metal                                                        e) transfer

12. Very poor part of a city                                            f) convent

                                                                                       g) slum

 

C . Choose the correct answer . ( 2 points )

13. Most of the students ………….. all their energy and time to sport activities .

a) protect b) prevent c) develop d) devote

14. When we are asleep , we aren’t …………. Of anything happening around us .

a) aware b) active c) available d) agreeable

15. The wire ………….. the video recorder to the Television .

a) combines b) connects c) contacts d) composes

16. John’s younger brother …………… from a strange disease .

a) offers b) operates c) supports d) suffers

 

II : Grammar

A : Choose the correct choice . ( 2 points )

17. My friend is learning English ………… he can go to Canada to study there .

a) in order to b) while c) whereas d) so that

18. I like football , ……………. My brother likes ping pong .

a) when b) so that c) whereas d) therefore

19. The boy knows how to drive a car , …………. He is only 8 years old .

a) even though b) so that c ) as d) therefore

20. He made a lot of noise when he came here . You …………… him .

a) must have heard b) must hear c) should have heard d) should hear

 

B : Combine the following sentences using the words given in parantheses . ( 2 points )

 

21. The man exercises regularly . He wants to lose weight . ( so as to )

22. Tom was absent yesterday . I’m sure , he was sick . ( must )

 

C : write the correct form of the verb in parantheses . ( 2 points )

( using should / shouldn’t , may / might and must )

23. The driver …………. his car in " No parking " area yesterday . That was why the officer

fined him . ( to park )

24. My uncle didn’t pick up the phone . He ………….. out , but I’m not sure . ( to go )

 

III : Sentence function

Match the items in column A with the appropriate phrases in column B . ( One item is

extra in column B ) . ( 2 ( points )

                    A                                                                       B

25. A satellite is an object that ………… .                         a) magnifies distant objects

26. A telescope is an instrument that ……. .                       b) because it speeds up problem solving

27. A computer is a useful device ………. .                       c) because it can help me to measure Temperature.

28. You can do a lot of things to improve your English     d) orbits another object               .                                                                       .                                                                                            e) such as , watching English films ,listening to     .                                                                                             tapes and reading texts .

 

IV : Comprehension

A : Sentence comprehension :

Read the following sentences and choose the correct choice . ( 4 points )

29. It is hard to attach a fax into another document or to pass it on to some one else .

Faxes of faxes become unreadable , but e-mail stays readable , no matter how many

times it is forwarded . These sentences tell us that …………… .

a) if you forward an e-mail many times , it stays quite readable .

b) forwarding an e-mail to someone else takes a long time .

c) attching a fax into another document is impossible .

d) it is hard to send an e-mail to someone else .

30. They had enough time , when then were on vacation in Shiraz . They could have

gone to the cinema .

It is understood from these sentences that …………….. .

a) they couldn’t get enough time to go to the cinema .

b) they didn’t go on a holiday .

c) they went to the cinema .

d) they didn’t go to the cinema .

31. Sometimes a whole family group is employed , with the payment going to a parent

or an older relative .

The above sentence tells us that ………………. .

a) the payment is given to all members of the family .

b) only children work , but they are not paid .

c) the payment isn’t given to children .

d) older relatives pay money to parents .

 

32. The suffering and poverty that mother Teresa observed outside the convent walls

made a deep impression on her . This sentence means that Mother Teresa …………… .

a) tried to go out of the convent walls .

b) experienced the suffering and poverty in her family .

c) was deeply influenced by the poverty of the people .

d) made a deep impression which caused suffering and poverty .

 

B : Cloze passage .

Fill in the blanks with the words from the list below . ( one word is additional ) ( 4 points )

( taken – core – research – so far – base – plans – itself – rocks – materials )

People may one day build some places to live on the moon . Although there have been

no …33… to build bases on the moon …34… , they could be possible by the year 2020 . A

moon …35… could be used as a …36… station . To save money , some …37… needed to

build and run the base could come from the moon …38… for example , some of the

moon’s …39… have oxygen . This oxygen can be …40… from the rocks . It will be used by

people there .

 

C : Reading comprehension

Read the following passage carefully , then answer the questions . ( 6 points )

Education is the process by which people gain knowledge , skills , habits , and values .

The word education is also used to describe the results of the education process . Education

should help a person become a useful member of society . It should also help him develop

an understanding of his culture and live in a better life . The most common way to get an

education is to attend school . But much education also takes place outside the class room .

Education involves both learning and teaching . Sometimes , people learn by teaching

themselves . But they also learn with the help of other people such as parents or teachers .

Parents are a child’s first and perhaps most important teachers . But few parents have either

the time or the ability to teach their children every thing that they need to know . A modern

society can not continue its life without education . But most nation consider education’s

benefits to individuals equally as important as its benefits to society .

Questions :

41. What is the most usual way to get an education ?

42. Where does much education occur ?

43. Who are the first teachers of a child ?

44. Do most people regard the advantages of education only to the individuals ?

45. The word " they " in line 4 in second paragraph refers to ……………… .

a) people b) teachers c) parents d) children

46. We understand from the passage that most parents send their children to school ,

because they ………… .

a) are too busy to teach them at home . b) don’t get much benefit from teaching .

c) want their children to learn in the society . d) have to attend schools themselves .

47. Education includes only teaching .

a) True b) False

48. It is possible to be educated without attending school .

a) True b) False

Good luck