Many of these animals are in danger because humans believe the hoofs, horns and other body parts have medicinal properties while others are victim to warfare and other
It really is a shame. Some of the best-tasting foods are actually some of the worst in terms of fat and calories. But it can be hard to avoid them, especially in places—like malls—where nutrition information usually isn’t available.
So we did the work for you; take a look at a list of foods you should skip—or pick—at a mall, restaurant, or grocery store.
(A 2,000-calorie-a-day diet should have no more than 66 grams of fat, less than 20 grams saturated; 2,400 milligrams of sodium; and 300 grams of total carbohydrate, including sugars.)
shame: شرم آور
taste: مزه
worse: بدتر
nutrition: تغذیه
diet: رژیم غذایی
fat: چربی - روغن
available: در دسترس
saturate: اشباع کردن ، سیر کردن
They're the imperatives(حتمی) for well-being(سالم بودن) that have been drilled into us forever(همیشه)--"Drink eight glasses of water a day!" "Eat nine servings of fruits and veggies)ماکول ،خوردنی)!" "Stay away (دور ماندن)from red meat!" But it turns out that(شریک در تالیف یک کتاب) taking care of yourself isn't quite so black-and-white, says Harvard Medical School psychologist(روانشناس) Alice Domar, PhD, coauthor( شریک در تالیف یک کتاب) of Live a Little! Breaking the Rules Won't Break Your Health. "Research(تحقیق) is revealing(نشان دادن) that whoever wrote the old guidelines(راهبردها) didn't have the whole picture, and that there are more paths(روش ها) to optimal(مطلوب) health than we previously thought," Domar says. Happily, the new rules are more user-friendly than the old ones.
اخیرا دانشگاههای آمریکایی نیز شروع به پذیرش نتایج معتبر آیلتس کرده اند. آیلتس برای ارزیابی توانایی زبان داوطلبان طراحی شده است که برای کار یا تحصیل به کشورهای انگلیسی زبان می روند. امتیاز (مسولیت) برگزاری امتحان آیلتس در ایران بر عهده دو مرکز می باشد:
1- تهران آیلتس www.ieltstehran.com
2- آیلتس ایران http://ielts.sanjesh.org
داوطلبان آیلتس آکادمیک Academic و آیلتس عمومی General Training
داوطلبان باید بر اساس نیاز خود یکی از امتحانهای Academic و یا General Training را انتخاب کنند. معمولا برای شرکت در دانشگاهها و مراکز آموزشی به آیلتس آکادمیک نیاز است و در صورت مهاجرت باید در آزمون عمومی IELTS General Training شرکت کرد. البته اخیرا نتیجه امتحان آکادمیک را برای مهاجرت نیز قبول می کنند ولی برای تحصیل فقط باید در آزمون آکادمیک نمره لازم را بدست آورد. امتحان آیلتس Academic قدرت داوطلب را برای تحصیل در مراتب مختلف تحصیلی ارزیابی می کند. امتحان General Training تاکید بیشتری بر مهارتهای پایه داوطلبانی دارد که برای کار، برنامه های آموزشی، و مهاجرت به کشورهای انگلیسی زبان می روند.
نحوه برگزاری آزمون آیلتس
داوطلبان در چهار مهارت Listening، Reading، Writing، و Speaking مورد امتحان قرار می گیرند. همه داوطلبان (هم Academic .و هم General Training) در یک امتحان Listening و Speaking مشترک شرکت می کنند. ولی Reading و Writing آزمون آِیلتس آکادمیک با آزمون آیلتس عمومی متفاوت است. سوالات به گونه ای طرح شده اند که تمامی رتبه ها را از داوطلب مبتدی تا داوطلب حرفه ای تحت پوشش قرار داده است. سه مهارت از چهار مهارت یعنی Listening، Reading، و Writing در یک روز مورد امتحان قرار می گیرند، و در بین آن هیچ زمان استراحتی وجود ندارد. ولی امتحان Speaking طبق اعلان قبلی معمولا یک هفته قبل و یا یک هفته بعد از امتحان برگزار می شود.
نتیجه آیلتس
آیلتس یک شرح حال از توانایی داوطلب در زبان انگلیسی ارائه می دهد. نمره آزمون آیلتس بین صفر تا نه خواهد بود اگر کسی در امتحان تقلب کند و یا بسیار ضعیف باشد نمره صفر خواهد گرفت در غیر اینصورت نتیجه تک تک مهارتها جداگانه اعلام می شود و میانگین تمامی نتیجه ها، امتیاز نهایی داوطلب خواهد بود. همچنین تمامی نتیجه های امتحان رو به بالا گرد می شود. منظور این است که از قانون کلی گرد کردن در ریاضی تبعیت می کند به عنوان مثال اگر داوطلبی نمره 7.25 را کسب کند به نمره 7.5 گرد می شود ولی اگر داوطلبی نمره 7.1 را کسب کند به نمره 7 گرد خواهد شد.
Do you think getting cold can give you a cold? Is it bad to drink milk when you have a cold. Can chicken soup cure a cold
Ranit Mishori is a family medicine doctor at Georgetown University Medical Center in Washington. She says colds are more common in winter, but not because of low temperatures. The cold weather just means people stay inside more.
RANIT MISHORI: "People tend to congregate and be together and the way the common cold virus is transmitted from one person to another is through handshakes, through sneezing, or coughing on one another."
Adults generally get two to three colds a year. Children are likely to catch four or five. Dr. Mishori says some people mistakenly believe they can become resistant to colds.
RANIT MISHORI: "There are about two hundred different viruses that cause the common cold. People think that once you get infected one time you develop immunity for the rest of your life. This is wrong."
There is still no cure for the common cold. But Dr. Mishori says there are ways to feel better sooner.
RANIT MISHORI: "So if you get a cold and on day one and you start taking about two grams of vitamin C a day, there is evidence that it might shorten the number of days that you will be suffering with these symptoms."
She says honey can also help.
RANIT MISHORI: "There is increased evidence that it helps shorten the duration of the common cold sometimes even by two to three days."
Dr. Mishori says honey seems to be especially effective in children with colds. But the Agriculture Department says never to feed honey to babies less than one year old. It says even honey in prepared foods may contain substances that can make babies very sick.
Some people believe in treating a cold with chicken soup. Does it work?
RANIT MISHORI: "Chicken soup has anti-inflammatory properties, so it helps reduce the duration of the cold but also it helps clear the mucus."
Mucus is the sticky substance that can make you cough and have trouble breathing during a cold.
Have you ever heard the old saying "feed a cold, starve a fever"? Dr. Mishori says this is not necessarily a good guideline to follow. She says if you have a cold but do not feel hungry, then don't eat.
RANIT MISHORI: "But you have to drink a lot and you can drink water or you can drink tea -- anything that gets fluids into your body. That's very important."
But what about drinking milk during a cold? Some people think it only causes more mucus. Dr. Mishori says yes and no.
RANIT MISHORI: "Dairy products do not cause increased secretions, but they can thicken the secretions. So it's possible that discomfort is somewhat more enhanced when you drink milk. But obviously, if you’re a baby and that's all you drink, you should not stop giving babies milk."
قابلیت های کلیدی نرم افزار Babylon:
- ترجمه کلمات و متون
- دارای 25 فرهنگ لغت عمومی در 75 زبان مختلف از جمله فارسی
(برای فعال شدن تمامی زبان ها باید Glossary های مربوط به هر زبان را جداگانه دانلود کنید)
- تبدیل واحدها و تبدیل واحد پول کشورها به هم تنها با یک کلیک
- حاوی فرهنگ لغت هایی با بیش از 3 میلیون کلمه
- فرهنگ لغت های شخصی شامل 1600 موضوع مرتبط با تجارت، زیست شناسی، کامپیوتر، شیمی و ... در بیش از 70 زبان
- فعال سازی دیکشنری تنها با یک کلیک بر روی هر لغت در برنامه های مختلف (Word, Excel, PowerPoint) و دیگر برنامه های تحت ویندوز
- مبدل واحد ها به یکدیگر
- اصلاح کننده ی کلمات نوشته شده از نظر املائی (غلط یابی به زبان های مختلف)
- روش صحیح تلفظ کلمات (با صدای مرد و زن)
- توانایی اتصال به دایره المعارف Wikipedia
- قابلیت جدید Auto Completion
- قابلیت جدید تغییر رنگ پنجره نرم افزار به دلخواه
- و ...
برخی از ویژگی های نسخه جدید نرم افزار بابیلون:
- ترجمه آسان در کليه برنامه‌ها تنها با يک کليک
تنها کافی است در هر برنامه رايانه‌ای که مايليد، بر روی متن کليک کرده و به ترجمه آنی و سريع آن و همچنین مطالب واژه‌نامه‌ها و دانش‌نامه‌های مختلف در زمينه‌ها، موضوعات و مطالب گوناگون دسترسی پیدا کنید.
- غلط‌ياب املايی و تصحيح متن
غلط‌ياب املايی و تصحيح متن بابيلون در خدمت شماست تا با کمک آن مطمئن شويد چیز مهمی در متن شما حذف نشده یا از قلم نیفتاده و به شما امکان یافتن غلط‌های نگارشی (مانند اشتباهات تایپی، دستوری، و غیره) را نیز می‌دهد. سرویس غلط‌ياب املايی و تصحيح متن بابيلون به شما کمک می‌کند تا کلمات را بدون غلط املایی نوشته و نویسنده بهتری شوید. این قابلیت بهترین کلمات، عبارات و اصطلاحات جایگزن مناسب متن را پیشنهاد داده و به صورت خودکار متن شما را بررسی می‌کند. این سرویس بسیار ضروری بطور مشخص در زمان نوشتن ایمیل و نگارش اسناد بوسیله مایکروسافت آفیس و همینطور هنگام تهیه متون صفحات وب‌سایت سودمند می باشد.
- جامعه زنده ترجمه:
بابيلون 9 شما را قادر می‌سازد به راحتی در جامعه بزرگ بابيلون که متشکل از گویش‌وران به زبان مادری و مترجمان حرفه‌ای سرتاسر جهان است، مشارکت کنید. شما می توانید سوالات خود را از جامعه زنده ترجمه انسانی بابيلون بپرسید، خواه سوال شما یک پرسش مرتبط با زبان،یک سوال کوتاه و یا بررسی یک مقاله دانشگاهی باشد - جامعه انسانی بابيلون، که از هزاران کاربر بابيلون تشکیل شده ، آماده ارائه کمک شبانه‌روزی به شماست!
- ارائه شده به 75 زبان مختلف:
بابيلون به صورت خودکار زبان‌های مورد استفاده و نياز شما را شناسایی کرده و نتايج را به آن زبان‌ها ارائه می‌دهد.
1- نرم افزار را نصب کنید.
2- فایل Patch.exe را در محل نصب نرم افزار کپی و اجرا کنید.
توجه: در ویندوز ویستا و 7 برای اجرای فایل Patch می بایستی بر روی آن راست کلیک کرده و Run as administrator را بزنید.
دانلود - نرم افزار اصلی - 10.5 مگابایت
دانلود - نرم افزار اصلی + لغت نامه های معروف فارسی - 23.7 مگابایت
دانلود - نرم افزار اصلی + تمامی لغت نامه های فارسی - 54.5 مگابایت
دانلود لغت نامه/Glossaries ها به صورت جداگانه دانلود دیکشنری انگلیسی به فارسی (Farajbeik) برای ویندوزهای فارسی دانلود دیکشنری انگلیسی به فارسی (Farajbeik) برای ویندوزهای لاتین دانلود دیکشنری انگلیسی به فارسی (Salaty) متنی دانلود دیکشنری انگلیسی به فارسی (Salaty) گرافیکی - بدون نیاز به فونت فارسی برای نمایش دانلود دیکشنری انگلیسی به فارسی MB دانلود دیکشنری انگلیسی به فارسی HmT دانلود دیکشنری پیشرفته انگلیسی به فارسی (hFarsi) با توضیحات اضافه و کلمات مشابه دانلود دیکشنری پیشرفته انگلیسی به فارسی (MHM) با توضیحات اضافه و کلمات مشابه دانلود دیکشنری فارسی به انگلیسیMHM دانلود دیکشنری فارسی به انگلیسی HmT دانلود دیکشنری فارسی به انگلیسی OurStat دانلود دیکشنری عربی به فارسی دانلود دیکشنری فارسی به عربی دانلود دیکشنری/لغت نامه فارسی به فارسی دانلود دیکشنری فرانسه به فارسی دانلود دیکشنری اسپانیایی به فارسی دانلود دیکشنری فنلادنی به فارسی دانلود دیکشنری سوئدی به فارسی دانلود دیکشنری ژاپنی به فارسی دانلود دیکشنری روسی به فارسی دانلود دیکشنری فارسی به روسی دانلود دیکشنری آلمانی به فارسی دانلود دیکشنری فارسی به آلمانی دانلود دیکشنری ایتالیایی به فارسی دانلود دیکشنری فارسی به ایتالیایی دانلود دیکشنری ارمنی به فارسی دانلود دیکشنری فارسی به ارمنی
لیست تمامی لغت نامه ها به زبان های مختلف
دانلود دائره المعارف ها دانلود دیکشنری Concise Oxford English Dictionary and Thesaurus (نسخه آفلاین - 13.9 مگابایت) دنلود دائره المعارف Britannica Concise Encyclopedia (نسخه آفلاین - 15.3 مگابایت) دانلود دیکشنری Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary and Thesaurus (نسخه آفلاین - 40.3 مگابایت) دانلود دیکشنری Larousse French Dictionary Package (نسخه آفلاین - 39.4 مگابایت) دانلود تمام لغت نامه ها و دائره المعارف های تخصصی
رمز فایل: www.p30download.com
روشهای فراگیری لغات
به خاطر سپردن لغتهای یک زبان خارجی می تواند یکی از بخشهای خسته کننده در فراگیری زبان باشد. خوشبختانه روشهای مختلفی برای سرعت بخشیدن و نیز لذت بخش کردن آن وجود دارد که در ادامه به آن می پردازیم:
کارتهای نمایش (Flash cards)
استفاده از کارتهای نمایش سریعترین روش برای مرور لغاتی است که نیاز به تکرار دارند. این روش بسیار مؤثر و در عین حال کم هزینه است.
روش کار بدین صورت است که یک دسته کارت مقوایی، در اندازه‌ای که در جیب جا شوند، تهیه می‌کنید، در یک روی آن لغت انگلیسی را می‌نویسید و در سمت دیگر کارت معنی آن را به فارسی وارد می‌کنید. همانطور که کارتها را مرور می‌کنید، لغتها را به دو دسته تقسیم می‌کنید: آنهایی که معنی آن را فوراً به خاطر می‌آورید و آنهایی که به راحتی نمی‌توانید معنی آن را به خاطر آورید. به مرور لغتهایی که هنوز به آنها تسلط پیدا نکرده‌اید آنقدر ادامه می‌دهید تا اینکه مطمئن شوید آنها را بخوبی یاد گرفته‌اید.
دفتر لغت
سعی کنید حتماً یک دفتر لغت مناسب تهیه کنید و هر موقع که به لغت جدیدی برخوردید آن را در دفترتان یادداشت کنید. فقط به نوشتن لغت و معنی آن اکتفا نکنید. بعضی از مواردی که می‌توانید در دفترتان ثبت کنید عبارتند از: توضیح انگلیسی معنی لغت، مترادف ها، متضادها، تصاویر، جملات نمونه (به انگلیسی)، علائم فونتیک، نوع کلمه (اسم، فعل و ...)، نکات گرامری (قابل شمارش، غیرقابل شمارش و ...)، کلمات هم خانواده و ....
کارهای جالبتری هم می توانید انجام دهید: مثلاً می‌توانید خودتان با لغت جدید یک جمله بسازید و یادداشت کنید. و یا صفحاتی را به موضوعات خاصی اختصاص دهید؛ مثلاً حیوانات، رنگها و شکلها، پول، مسافرت، غذاها و میوه ها و ....
تصویر سازی ذهنی
در این روش شما یک لغت انگلیسی را با یک لغت فارسی که تلفظ یا املای مشابهی دارد، به نحوی مرتبط می کنید که الزاماً از لحاظ معنایی با هم ارتباطی ندارند. بعنوان مثال اگر شما برای اولین بار به لغت tongue (تانگ: به معنی زبان) برخوردید، متوجه می‌شوید که تلفظ آن شبیه تانک در فارسی است. بنابراین می‌توانید در ذهنتان مجسم کنید که بجای زبان، یک تانک از دهان کسی در حال خارج شدن است!
مثال دوم: فرض کنید شما به لغت در valorous به معنی شجاع بر می‌خورید. در این حال می‌توانید در ذهن خود چنین مجسم کنید که در کنار دریا ایستاده‌اید و مشغول تماشای والها هستید. والها یکی یکی به سطح آب می‌آیند ولی به محض اینکه شما را می‌بینند می‌ترسند و فرار می‌کنند، تا اینکه یک وال روس (یک وال از کشور روسیه) به سطح آب می‌آید و بجای اینکه از شما فرار کند، به سمت شما می‌آید. شما با خود می‌گویید: وال روس، شجاع است! (مثال دوم از rezalotfian.blogfa.com)
این تکنیک به شما کمک می‌کند تا هر چه بهتر معانی لغات را بخاطر بسپارید. همچنین گفته می‌شود که هر‌چقدر تصویر ساخته شده عجیب‌تر باشد، به خاطر آوردن آن هم آسانتر خواهد بود.
تکرار، تکرار و تکرار!
مطالعات نشان می‌دهند که احتمال فراگیری لغاتی که بیش از 8 بار به هنگام مطالعه متنهای مختلف دیده می‌شوند، بسیار بیشتر از لغاتی است که کمتر تکرار شده‌اند. همچنین زبان‌شناسان به اتفاق معتقدند که تکرار لغات با صدای بلند به از بر کردن آنها کمک زیادی می‌کند. بنابراین گاهی همین تکرار کردن ساده حافظه شما را برای بخاطر سپردن لغات دشوار یاری می‌کند. در ضمن توصیه می‌شود که جمله کاملی را که لغت مورد نظر را در خود دارد، از بر کنید و یا چند بار با صدای بلند تکرار نمایید.
مطالعه آزاد
شما می‌توانید دایره لغات خود را با مطالعه آزاد افزایش دهید، اگر چه بسیاری از زبان‌شناسان ادعا می‌کنند که در ابتدا باید بین 3000 تا 5000 لغت و هم خانواده‌های آنها را فرا بگیریم تا این توانایی را پیدا کنیم که معنی دقیق لغات را با توجه به متن آن پیدا کنیم. پس تا آنجا که می‌توانید وقت آزاد خود را برای مطالعه متنهای انگلیسی (داستانهای کوتاه، اخبار و مقالات و ...) اختصاص دهید. وقتی به لغت جدیدی بر می‌خورید، ابتدا سعی کنید معنی آن را از روی بقیه متن حدس بزنید و سپس با مراجعه به دیکشنری معنی دقیق آن را پیدا کنید.
طبقه‌بندی لغات
با طبقه‌بندی کردن لغات، بخاطر سپردن آنها راحت‌تر می‌شود. به مثال زیر توجه کنید:
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VEGETABLES Celery کرفس Cauliflower گل کلم Pea نخود Onion پیاز Carrot هویج |
FRUIT Pear گلابی Peach هلو Apple سیب Cherry گیلاس Melon خربزه |
شما همچنین می‌توانید لغاتی را که از لحاظ دستوری، ریشه‌ای، معنایی و ... با هم مرتبط هستند، یکجا یاد بگیرید:
child بچه, childhood بچگی, childish بچگانه, childless بی‌بچه (بی‌اولاد)
و سخن آخر اینکه هیچ کدام از روشهای فراگیری لغات کامل نیستند و هر کدام نقاط ضعف و قوت خاص خود را دارند. بهترین راه این است که این روشها را با هم تلفیق کنید.
این متن تجربه یک شخص موفق را شرح داده است که به زمان گذشته نوشته شده است لطفا متن را مطالعه کنید و با نحوه شرح حال نیز آشنا شوید. امیدوارم مورد توجه شما قرار گیرد.
When I was 18, I left high school without graduating. My first job was as a dishwasher in the back of a small hotel. From there, I moved on to washing cars, and then washing floors with a janitorial service. For the next few years, I drifted and worked at various laboring jobs, earning my living by the sweat of my brow. I worked in sawmills and factories. I worked on farms and ranches. I worked in the tall timber with a chain saw and dug wells when the logging season ended.
I worked as a construction laborer on tall buildings, and as a seaman on a Norwegian Freighter in the North Atlantic. Often I slept in my car, or in cheap rooming houses. When I was 23, I was working as an itinerant farm laborer during the harvest, sleeping on the hay in the barn and eating with the farmer’s family. I was uneducated, unskilled, and at the end of the harvest, unemployed once more.
When I could no longer find a laboring job, I got a job in straight commission sales, cold calling from office-to-office and from door-to-door. I would often work all day long to make a single sale so that I could pay for my rooming house and have a place to sleep that night. This was not a great start at life.
The Day My Life Changed
Then one day, I took out a piece of paper and wrote down an outrageous goal for myself. It was to earn $1,000 per month in door-to-door and office-to-office selling. I folded up the piece of paper, put it away and never found it again.
But 30 days later, my entire life had changed. During that time, I discovered a technique for closing sales that tripled my income from the very first day. Meanwhile, the owner of my company sold out to an entrepreneur who had just moved into town. Exactly thirty days after I had written down my goal, he took me aside and offered me $1,000 per month to head up the sales force and teach the other people what it was that I was doing that enabled me to be selling so much more than anyone else. I accepted his offer and from that day forward, my life was never the same.
Within eighteen months, I had moved from that job to another, and then to another. I went from personal selling to becoming a sales manager with people selling for me. I recruited and built a 95 person sales force. I went literally from worrying about my next meal to walking around with a pocket full of $20 dollar bills.
I began teaching my salespeople how to write out their goals, and how to sell more effectively. In almost no time at all, they doubled and tripled and increased their incomes as much as ten times. Many of them are today millionaires and multi-millionaires.
It’s important to note that, since those days in my mid-20s, my life has not been a smooth series of upward steps. It has included many ups and downs, marked by occasional successes and temporary failures. I have traveled, lived and worked in more than 80 countries, learning French, German and Spanish along the way, and working in 22 different fields.
As the result of inexperience, and sometimes sheer stupidity, I have spent or lost everything I made and had to start over again - several times. In every case when this happened, I would begin by sitting down with a piece of paper and laying out a new set of goals for myself, using the methods that I’ll explain in the pages ahead.
After several years of hit and miss goal setting and goal achieving, I finally decided to collect everything I had learned into a single system. By assembling these ideas and strategies in one place, I
developed a goal setting methodology and process, with a beginning, middle and end, and began to follow it every day.
Quotations about Imam Hussain (A.S.) by Non-Muslims
Mahatma Gandhi (Indian political and spiritual leader): “I learnd from Hussein
how to achieve victory while being oppressed.”
Thomas Carlyle (Scottish historian and essayist): “The best lesson which we get
from the tragedy of Cerebella is that Husain and his companions were rigid
believers in God. They illustrated that the numerical superiority does not
count when it comes to the truth and the falsehood. The victory of Husain,
despite his minority, marvels me!”
Edward Gibbon (English historian and member of parliament): “In a distant age
and climate, the tragic scene of the death of Hosein will awaken the
sympathy of the coldest reader.” (The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, London,
1911, volume 5, p. 391-392)
Charles Dickens (English novelist): “If Husain had fought to quench his
worldly desires…then I do not understand why his sister, wife, and children
accompanied him. It stands to reason therefore, that he sacrificed purely for
Islam.”
Antoine Bara (Lebanese writer): “No battle in the modern and past
history of mankind has earned more sympathy and admiration as well as
provided more lessons than the martyrdom of Husayn in the battle of
Karbala.” (Husayn in Christian Ideology)
Dr. K. Sheldrake: “Of that gallant band, male and female knew that the
enemy forces around were implacable, and were not only ready to fight, but
to kill. Denied even water for the children, they remained parched under the
burning sun and scorching sands, yet not one faltered for a moment. Husain
marched with his little company, not to glory, not to power of wealth, but to
a supreme sacrifice, and every member bravely faced the greatest odds
without flinching.”
Ignaz Goldziher (Hungarian orientalist): “…Weeping and lamentation over
the evils and persecutions suffered by the ‘Alid family, and mourning for its
martyrs: these are things from which loyal supporters of the cause cannot
cease. ‘More touching than the tears of the Shi’is’ has even become an
Arabic proverb.” (Introduction to Islamic Theology and Law, Princeton, 1981, p.179)
Edward G. Brown (Professor at the University of Cambridge): “…a reminder of
that blood-stained field of Karbala, where the grandson of the Apostle of
God fell, at length, tortured by thirst, and surround by the bodies of his
murdered kinsmen, has been at anytime since then, sufficient to evoke, even
in the most lukewarm and the heedless, the deepest emotion, the most
frantic grief, and an exaltation of spirit before which pain, danger, and death
shrink to unconsidered trifles.” (A Literary History of Persia, London, 1919, p.227)
Sir William Muir (Scottish orientalist): “The tragedy of Karbala decided not
only the fate of the Caliphate, but also of Mohammadan kingdoms long after
the Caliphate had waned and disappeared.” (Annals of the Early Caliphate,
London, 1883, p.441-442)
“Though Imam Hussain gave his life years ago, but his indestructible soul rules the hearts of people even today.”Dr. Radha Krishnan
Mahatma Gandhi
“My faith is that the progress of Islam does not depend on the use of sword by its believers, but the result of the supreme sacrifice of Hussain (A.S.), the great saint.”
Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
“Imam Hussain’s (A.S.) sacrifice is for all groups and communities, an example of the path of rightousness.”
Reynold Alleyne Nicholson
“Hussain (A.S.) fell, pierced by an arrow, and his brave followers were cut down beside him to the last man. Muhammadan tradition, which with rare exceptions is uniformly hostile to the Umayyad dynasty, regards Hussain (A.S.) as a martyr and Yazid as his murderer.”
[A Literary History of the Arabs, Cambridge, 1930, p197]
Rabindranath ***************ore
“In order to keep alive justice and truth, instead of an army or weapons, success can be achieved by sacrificing lives, exactly what Imam Hussain (A.S.) did
Dr. Rajendra Prasad
“The sacrifice of Imam Hussain (A.S.) is not limited to one country, or nation, but it is the hereditary state of the brotherhood of all mankind.”
Dr. Radha Krishnan
“Though Imam Hussain (A.S.) gave his life almost 1300 years ago, but his indestructible soul rules the hearts of people even today.”
Swami Shankaracharya
“It is Hussain’s (A.S.) sacrifice that has kept Islam alive or else in this world there would be no one left to take Islam’s name.”
Mrs. Sarojini Naidu
“I congratulate Muslims that from among them, Hussain (A.S.), a great human being was born, who is reverted and honored totally by all communities
What is the most important English skill? What skill must you have to communicate welObviously, number 1 is Fluency. What is fluency? Fluency is the ability to speak (and understand)
English quickly and easily... WITHOUT translation. Fluency means you can talk easily with native speakers-- they easily understand you, and you easily understand them. In fact, you speak and understand instantly.
Fluency is your most important English goal.
The research is clear-- there is only ONE way to get fluency. You do not get fluency by reading textbooks.
You do not get fluency by going to English schools. You do not get fluency by studying
grammar rules.
Listening Is The Key
To get English fluency, you must have a lot of understandable repetitive listening. That is the ONLY way. To be a FANTASTIC English speaker, you must learn English with your ears, not with your eyes. In other words, you must listen. Your ears are the key to excellent speaking.
What kind of listening is best? Well, it must be understandable and must be repetitive. Both of those words are important-- Understandable and Repetitive.
If you don't understand, you learn nothing. You will not improve. That's why listening to English TV does not help you. You don't understand most of it. It is too difficult. It is too fast. Its obvious right? If you do not understand, you will not improve. So, the best listening material is EASY. That’s right, you should listen mostly to easy English. Most students listen to English that is much too difficult. They don’t understand enough, and so they learn slowly. Listen to easier English, and your speaking will improve faster!
Understanding is Only Half The Formula. Understanding is not enough. You must also have a lot of repetition. If you hear a new word only once, you will soon forget it. If you hear it 5 times, you will still probably forget it!
You must hear new words and new grammar many times before you will understand them instantly.
How many times is necessary? Most people must hear a new word 30 times to remember it forever.
To know a word and instantly understand it, you probably need to hear it 50-100 times!
That's why I tell my students to listen to all of my lessons many times. I tell them to listen to theMini-Stories, the Vocab Lessons, The Point-of-View Stories, and the Audio articles everyday. I recommend that they listen to each lesson a total of 30 times (for example, 2 times a day for two weeks).
So, the two most important points are: listen to easier English and listen to each thing many times.
Powerful Listening and Excellent Speaking
1. Practice “Narrow Listening”
“Narrow listening” means listening to many things about the same topic. This method is more powerful than trying to listen to many different kinds of things. Students who listen to similar things learn faster and speak better than students who listen to different kinds of things. For example, you can choose one speaker and find many things by him. Listen to all of his podcasts, audio books, and speeches. This is powerful because all speakers have favorite vocabulary and grammar. They naturally repeat these many times. By listening to many things by the same person, you automatically get a lot of vocabulary repetition. You learn faster and deeper!
Another example is to choose one topic to focus on. For example, you could read an easy book, listen to the same audio book, listen to a podcast about the book, and watch the movie. I did this with my class in San Francisco. We read “Charlie and the Chocolate Factory”. Then we listened to the audio book. Then we watched (and listened to) the movie. Then we listened to interviews with actors in the movie. My students learned a lot of vocabulary in a short time, and their speaking improved very quickly.
2. Divide Your Listening Time
Which is better: to listen for two hours without a break, or to divide that time during the day? Well, dividing your listening time is best.
By dividing your time throughout the day, you remember more and learn faster. So its much better to listen 30 minutes in the morning, then 30 minutes in the car or train, then 30 minutes coming home from work, then 30 minutes before sleep. In fact, this is the exact schedule I recommend to my students!
3. Use an iPod or MP3 Player
iPods are fantastic. You can put a big listening library on one. Then you can carry your English lessons everywhere. You can learn English while walking, while shopping, in the car, in a train, while cooking,.......
With an iPod or MP3 player, you don’t have to worry about CDs. Also, you can find a lot of English listening on the internet. You can find lessons, stories, podcasts, TV shows, interviews, and audio books. Simply download the audio, put it on your iPod.. and learn English anywhere!
4. Listen To Movies
Movies are great for learning English BUT you must use them correctly. Don’t watch all of an English movie. You will not understand it, and therefore you will not learn anything. Only watch one scene or segment per week (maybe 2-3 minutes). Follow this method:
a) First, watch the scene with subtitles in your language. This will help you understand the general
meaning.
b) Second, watch the scene with English subtitles. Pause. Use a dictionary to find new words you
don’t understand. Write the new sentences in a notebook.
c) Listen to the scene a few times, with English subtitles. Do not pause.
d) Listen to the scene a few times, without subtitles.
e) Repeat a) - d) everyday for one week.
On the second week, go to the next scene/segment and repeat again. It will take you a long time to
finish a movie. That’s OK, because you will improve your listening and speaking VERY FAST. This method is powerful-- use it!
5. Read and Listen at the Same Time
Listening and Reading together are very powerful. While you listen to something, also read it. This
will improve your pronunciation.
Reading while listening also helps you understand more difficult material. Read and listen to learn faster. After you do this a few times, put away the text and just listen. You will understand a lot more and you will improve faster. Always try to find both audio and text materials. To start, you can read my blog and listen to my podcast at:
Audio & Text http://www.EffortlessEnglishClub.com
Another great idea is to get both a book and its audio book (ie. the above example of “Charlie and
the Chocolate Factory”).
6 Months To Excellent English Speaking
Follow the above suggestions (and the 7 Rules in my email course) and you will speak excellentEnglish.
I have been teaching over 10 years. Every student who follows these methods succeeds. Always!
The Effortless English method is the key to speaking excellent English. It is the key to fluency.
You only need 6 months-- 6 months and you will speak easily to native speakers. 6 months and
you will speak quickly and naturally. 6 months and you feel relaxed when you speak English.
You have tried the old ways. You tried textbooks. You tried schools. You tried grammar study.
It is time to try something new!
Good luck. I wish you success with your English learning!
A.J. Hoge
Director
Effortless English LLC
Listening & Learning Resources On The Internet
7 Rules of Effortless English (Free Email Course)
http://effortlessenglishclub.com/7-rules-to-learn-excellent-english-speaking
The Effortless English Podcast (Listening)
http://www.EffortlessEnglishClub.com
The Effortless English Blog (Text for Audio)
http://www.EffortlessEnglishClub.com
Effortless English Lessons (Listening and Text, Intermediate & Advanced Level)
http://www.EffortlessEnglishClub.com
Flow English Lessons (Listening and Text, Intermediate Level)
http://effortlessenglishclub.com/learn-english-with-flow-english
LingQ (Listening and Tutors, Advanced)
http://www.lingq.com
ELLLO (Listening)
http://www.elllo.org
KanTalk (Internet Chats and Conversation)
http://www.kantalk.com
VOA News (Listening)
http://www.voanews.com/english/podcasts.cfm
Business English Pod (Listening)
http://www.voanews.com/english/podcasts.cfm
ESL Pod (Listening)
http://www.eslpod.com
Just Vocabulary (Listening)
http://justvocabulary.libsyn.com/
